Columbite, also called niobite, niobite-tantalite and columbate [Nb₂O₆], is a black mineral group that is an ore of niobium. It has a submetallic luster and a high density and is a niobate of iron and manganese. This mineral group was first found in Haddam, Connecticut, in the United States. Color: Black, brownish black Crystal system: Orthorhombic crystal system Crystal class: Dipyramidal (mmm); H-M symbol: (2/m 2/m 2/m) Optical properties: Biaxial (+), b=2.29–2.4 Space group: Pbcn Other characteristics: non-radioactive, non-fluorescent
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The mineral group tantalite [Ta₂O₆] is the primary source of the chemical element tantalum. It is chemically similar to columbite, and the two are often grouped together as a semi-singular mineral called coltan or "columbite-tantalite" in many mineral guides. Crystal class: Dipyramidal (mmm); H-M symbol: (2/m 2/m 2/m) Crystal system: Orthorhombic crystal system Mohs scale hardness: 6-6.5 Strunz classification: 4.DB.35 Cleavage: Good in one direction Specific gravity: 8.0+
Amethyst is a violet variety of quartz. The name comes from the Koine Greek ἀμέθυστος amethystos from ἀ- a-, "not" and μεθύσκω methysko / μεθύω methyo, "intoxicate", a reference to the belief that the stone protected its owner from drunkenness. Color: Purple Luster: Vitreous Birthstone zodiac sign: Aquarius Associated month: February Crystal system: Hexagonal crystal system Chemical formula: SiO₂
Garnets are a group of silicate minerals that have been used since the Bronze Age as gemstones and abrasives. All species of garnets possess similar physical properties and crystal forms, but differ in chemical composition. The different species are pyrope, almandine, spessartine, grossular, uvarovite and andradite. Mohs scale hardness: 6.5–7.5 Crystal habit: Rhombic dodecahedron or cubic Crystal system: Isometric Optical properties: Single refractive, often anomalous double refractive Space group: Ia3d Color: RED, GREEN Other characteristics: variable magnetic attraction
Zircon is a mineral belonging to the group of nesosilicates. Its chemical name is zirconium silicate, and its corresponding chemical formula is ZrSiO₄. Color: Blue, White, Green, Red, Yellow, Grey, Purple, Pink, Orange, Brown Luster: Adamantine Associated month: December Crystal system: Tetragonal crystal system Chemical formula: ZrSiO₄ Hardness (Mohs hardness scale): 7.5
Aquamarine is a color that is a light bluish tint of green that is in-between cyan and spring green on the color wheel. It is named after the mineral aquamarine, a gemstone mainly found in granite rocks. The first recorded use of aquamarine as a color name in English was in 1598 AquaMarine is available in different colours I. Blue Colour II. Green Colour III. Yellow Colour Helidor
Emerald is a gemstone and a variety of the mineral beryl colored green by trace amounts of chromium and sometimes vanadium. Beryl has a hardness of 7.5–8 on the Mohs scale. Most emeralds are highly included, so their toughness is classified as generally poor. Emerald is a cyclosilicate. Color: Green Luster: Vitreous Birthstone zodiac sign: Taurus Associated month: May Crystal system: Hexagonal crystal system Chemical formula: Be₃Al₂SiO₆
Tourmaline is a crystalline boron silicate mineral compounded with elements such as aluminium, iron, magnesium, sodium, lithium, or potassium. Tourmaline is classified as a semi-precious stone and the gemstone comes in a wide variety of colors. Color: Green, Pink, Blue, Red. Luster: Vitreous Associated month: October Crystal system: Hexagonal crystal system Hardness (Mohs hardness scale): 7 – 7.5 Mineral class: Tourmaline